Capperia marrubii

Artstatus unklar!

Länder:

+2Kontinente:EU

Inhalt

Lebendfotos Falter Biologie Nahrung der Raupe Weitere Informationen Andere Kombinationen Taxonomie Faunistik Typenmaterial Literatur

2. Biologie

2.1. Nahrung der Raupe

[Lamiaceae:] Marrubium vulgare (Gewöhnlicher Andorn)

Falls das Taxon Artberechtigung hat, lebt es nach bisherigen Kenntnissen als Raupe ausschließlich an Marrubium vulgare, und dort zumeist an den Blüten.

Adamczewski (1951: 367) schrieb: "The early stages of marrubii are not known accurately. The larvae feed on flowers of Marrubium vulgare at the end of summer (Rössler, 1881 ; Steudel and E. Hofmann, 1882). The larva is probably similar to celeusi, i.e. green with the black head, if the brothers Hofmann who knew both forms did not notice any difference between them." Und bereits auf S. 366 formulierte er: "Specimens of this form, feeding on Marrubium vulgare, were found for the first time by Glitz near Hanover (Rössler, 1881; Frey, 1886). [...]. Steudel and E. Hofmann (1882) cited ‘Oxyptilus parvidactylus Hw.’ from ‘Urach am Wasserfall Juni, Juli, Herbst. Raupe im Spätsommer an den Blüthen von Marrubium’."

Die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der Literatur hatte bei Adamczewski (1951: 366) zur Folge: "Reutti, Meess, and Spuler (1898) in their description of the lepidopterological fauna of Baden erroneously recorded ‘Marrubium Blüthen’ as the food-plant of ‘Oxyptilus parvidactylus Hw.’ and Marrubium vulgare and Teucrium scorodonia as food-plants of ‘Oxyptilus teucrii (Greening) Jordan’. Spuler (1910) mentioned Teucrium chamaedrys and Marrubium peregrinum as food-plants of ‘Oxyptilus teucrii var. celeusi Frey’ from Württemberg and Bavaria. It is not clear why Spuler changed the commonly used name Marrubium vulgare to Marrubium peregrinum which had not been previously mentioned in lepidopterological literature. Lhomme (1939) recorded ‘Oxyptilus heterodactylus Vill. var. celeusi Frey’ from a single locality in France and he cited (evidently taken from literature) as the foodplants of this form Teucrium botrys, Teucrium chamaedrys, Marrubium vulgare, Marrubium peregrinum. None of these statements has anything to do with Oxyptilus parvidactylus and all refer to some different species of Capperia. The specimens recorded from Marrubium vulgare, as was proved, had quite an asymmetrical aedeagus different from those of specimens from Teucrium chamaedrys and T. scorodonia, which belong to two Capperia species with a symmetrical aedeagus. I consider all the published records concerning the form feeding on Marrubium vulgare to refer to the distinct form Capperia fusca Hofmann, nova forma marrubii. Possibly it is a quite distinct species, but it needs further investigation. Specimens from Marrubium peregrinum were not examined, and it is not certain if such specimens ever existed. Marrubium peregrinum was mentioned as the food-plant of celeusi for the first time by Spuler (1910), but he said nothing about Marrubium vulgare, previously recorded by Rössler and Hofmann. It is very probable that Spuler, collecting data from the literature, changed the name only, and that his record of Marrubium peregrinum refers to M. vulgare. Lhomme’s record of M. peregrinum was copied from Spuler."

"Auch an Marruhium vulgare wurde die Raupe von meinem Bruder Dr. E. Hofmann gefunden."

(Autor: Erwin Rennwald)

3. Weitere Informationen

3.1. Andere Kombinationen

Capperia fusca Hofmann, nova forma marrubii Adamczewski, 1951 [Originalkombination]

3.2. Taxonomie

Das Taxon wird in der Fauna Europaea [last update 29 August 2013, version 2.6.2] als Synonym von Capperia fusca behandelt. Adamczewski (1951) hatte das Taxon auch als "Capperia fusca Hofmann, nova forma marrubii" eingeführt, es aber getrennt von C. fusca abgehandelt und durchweg die Eigenständigkeit betont. Konkret formulierte Adamczewski (1951: 366): I consider all the published records concerning the form feeding on Marrubium vulgare to refer to the distinct form Capperia fusca Hofmann, nova forma marrubii. Possibly it is a quite distinct species, but it needs further investigation."

3.3. Faunistik

Nach Gaedike & Heinicke (1999) in Deutschland nur mit Angaben von vor 1980 aus Baden-Württemberg bekannt; nach Gaedike et al. (2017) nur mit Angabe vor 1900. Nach Adamczewski (1951: 366-367) stammt der Holotypus von Bad Urach, wo er von Marrubium vulgare gezüchtet wurde. Die Tiere ex coll. O. Hofmann stammen von dessen Bruder Ernst Hofmann, der im Januar 1892 starb. Da die Raupenfunde an Marrubium vulgare bereits bei Steudel & Hofmann (1882) erwähnt wurden, dürften auch die zugehörigen Falter entsprechend alt sein.

Und Adamczewski (1951: 366-367) hat noch mehr Angaben aus Deutschland: "Specimens of this form, feeding on Marrubium vulgare, were found for the first time by Glitz near Hanover (Rössler, 1881; Frey, 1886). I can trace no publication by Glitz himself. Rössler (1881) considered that Glitz’s specimens were of a species distinct from Oxyptilus parvidactylus Hw. because of their distinct life-history, but he did not name this Marrubium-feeder. Steudel and E. Hofmann (1882) cited ‘Oxyptilus parvidactylus Hw.’ from ‘Urach am Wasserfall Juni, Juli, Herbst. Raupe im Spätsommer an den Blüthen von Marrubium’." Bei Steudel & Hofmann (1882: 246) war zu lesen: "parvidactylus Hw., Urach am Wasserfall (Hf.). Juni, Juli, Herbst. R. im Spätsommer an den Blüthen von Marrubium." Bei O. Hofmann (1896: 142) wurde dann daraus eine Oxyptilus teucrii var. celeusi: "Auch an Marrubium vulgare wurde die Raupe von meinem Bruder Dr. E. Hofmann gefunden."

Adamczewski (1951: 367-368) schrieb zur Gesamtverbreitung: "C. fusca Hofmann, nova forma marrubii is known certainly from western Germany: Hanover (Rössler, 1881, leg. Glitz) and Württemberg (Steudel and E. Hofmann, 1882). Its presence in the Balkan States is uncertain. Possibly it may occur in the neighbourhood of Brema (vide C. fusca) and in France (Lhomme, 1939)." Mit "neighbourhood of Brema" war konkret Bassum in Niedersachsen südlich Bremen gemeint. Bei seiner Zuordnung der Meldung ging Adamczewski (1951) allerdings irrtümlich davon aus, dass die von dort gemeldete C. fusca auf Stachys alpina angewiesen ist, in Niedersachsen also gar nicht vorkommen könne - doch jene Art lebt eben auch an Stachys sylvatica und kann damit sehr wohl bei Bassum in Niedersachsen vorkommen.

3.4. Typenmaterial

Adamczewski (1951: 366) schrieb: Examined material:

"1. Male specimen from Württemberg, ex coll. O. Hofmann (British Museum, London): ‘Urach, Marrubium’, ‘1947/106’ (praep. genit.) (in Hofmann coll. det. as ‘teucrii var. celeusi Schm.’). celeusi Schm.’).

2. Male specimen from Württemberg, ex coll. O. Hofmann (British Museum, London): ‘Urach, Marrubium’ (in Hofmann coll. det. as ‘teucrii var. celeusi Schm.’).

3. Female specimen from Croatia (British Museum, London): ‘P. Dentellus Mann = obscurus, Croatien, Gromnig’, ‘Frey coll., Brit. Mus. 1890-62’, ‘1947/9’ (praep. genit.).

4. Female specimen from Greece (Polish Museum of Zoology, Warsaw): ‘Graecia (Tessalia), Tembi near Olimp Mt. 21.vii.1938, leg. S. Adamczewski’, ‘praep. genit. Ox. 116.’"

Und S. 367 ist dann zu lesen: "The description of the form marrubii is founded on two specimens from the collection of O. Hofmann labelled ‘Urach, Marrubium’ and placed under the name ‘teucrii var. celeusi Schm.’ They are the specimens bred by E. Hofmann on Marrubium vulgare, mentioned by O. Hofmann (1896) and by Reutti, Meess, and Spuler (1898). The specimen of which the genitalia was examined (no. 1947/106) is designated as holotype."