+1Kontinente:SA
3. Weitere Informationen
3.1. Etymologie (Namenserklärung)
Davis (1986: 162) erklärt, was selbsterklärend ist: "The specific name is derived from the Latin parvus (little), in reference to the small size of this moth."
3.2. Taxonomie
Butler (1883: 182) hatte mit falsus eine neue Art zu beschreiben. Da das Tier in keine bestehende Gattung passen wollte, schuf er dafür die Gattung Palaephatus, die dann von Davis (1986) zur Typus-Gattung seiner neuen Familie Palaephatidae (und Überfamilie Palaephatoidea) erklärt wurde. Er selbst beschrieb in dieser Arbeit gleich 25 neue Arten in 5 Gattungen aus Südamerika. Die Gattung Palaephatus wurde von ihm in 2 Untergattungen - Prophatus (mit den Arten Palaephatus dimorphus, P. leucacrotus, P. nielseni, P. spinosus, P. fusciterminus, P. albiterminus, P. striatus und P. amplisaccus) und Palaephatus (mit der nominotypischen Art P. falsus, P. pallidus, P. luteolus und P. albicerus) - aufgeteilt.
Im Abstract (S. ii) erklärt Davis (1986): "The sister group of the Palaephatidae (Palaephatoidea) has been determined as the Nepticuloidea + Tischerioidea largely on the basis of their similar monotrysian, non-piercing ovipositors, with the oviporous opening between the eighth and ninth abdominal sterna." S. 161 ist zur Gattung Apophatus zu erfahren: "There seems little doubt that Apophatus represents the latest evolved, most derived member of the Palaephatidae. The head demonstrates several specializations, particularly in having the most reduced eyes, mandibles, and maxillary palpi in the family. Apophatus is also the only member to have lost the epiphysis. It demonstrates its affinities with Palaephatus by sharing such synapomorphies as the presence of a subapical pollex on the valvae of the male and the cleft condition of the eighth sternite in the female. Only two, apparently rare, species are known (A. bifibratus, new species, and A. parvus, new species) both restricted to the southern temperature forests of Chile and the adjacent borders of Argentina. It is not known if any of the 6 specimens collected thus far of this genus were attracted to lights. The pronounced reduction of the eyes strongly suggests that both species are diurnal."
Zur Art heißt es weiter (S. 162): "This is the smallest species of Palaephatidae known. Other features that serve to distinguish it, particularly from its closest relative, A. bifibratus, are several characteristic modifications of the male genitalia. The genital capsule is relatively narrow, with a rather broadly rounded vinculum-saccus. The aedoeagus is relatively simple in structure and lacks the paired filamentous spines present in A. bifibratus."
3.3. Faunistik
Davis (1986) beschrieb 25 neue Arten der Familie. Sie stammen alle aus (meist höheren Lagen von) Chile und dem angrenzenden Bereich von Argentinien. Zu A. parvus ist bei Davis (1986: 162) zu lesen: "Known only from the type-locality, which is located in the Valdivian forest zone of southern Chile."
3.4. Typenmaterial
Hier standen für die Artbeschreibung nur 2 Exemplare zur Verfügung. Davis (1986: 161-162) schrieb zum Typenmaterial: "HOLOTYPE. — ♂. Aguas Calientes to 2 km S, Parque Nacional Puyehue, 450 m, Osorno Province, Chile; 10-22 Feb 1979, D. and M. Davis, B. Akerbergs, type no. 101175 (USNM). PARATYPE. — CHILE. Same data as holotype, 1 ♀ (USNM).
(Autor: Erwin Rennwald)
3.5. Literatur
- Butler, A.G. (1883): Heterocerous Lepidoptera Collected in Chili by Thomas Edmonds, Esq., Part IV—Pyrales and Micros. — Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1883 (1): 49-90, pl. XI. [Digitalisat auf biodiversitylibrary.org]
- Erstbeschreibung: Davis, D.R. (1986): A New Family of Monotrysian Moths from Austral South America (Lepidoptera: Palaephatidae), with a Phylogenetic Review of the Monotrysia. — Smithsonian contributions to zoology, 434: i-iv, 1-202. Washington (Smithonian Institution Press). [zum PDF-Download auf researchgate.net]
